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Analysis of Key Technical Points in Fully Automatic Wet-Spraying Boom Pumping Technology for High-Strength Concrete
Release time:
2026-07-10
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Summary:
High-strength concrete (strength grade ≥C50 ) Due to its low water‑to‑cement ratio and high binder content, such concrete is prone to rapid loss of workability, high viscosity, and pipe blockages during pumping. An automated wet‑spraying boom, through equipment modifications, process optimization, and intelligent control, enables the efficient pumping of high‑strength concrete. The following section systematically outlines the technical implementation pathway from four perspectives: material properties, equipment adaptability, process parameters, and quality control.
I. Material Properties of High-Strength Concrete and Challenges in Pumping
The water-to-cement ratio of high-strength concrete is typically lower than 0.35 , the amount of cementitious material reaches 450-600 kg/m³ , leading to a significant increase in slurry viscosity. The main pumping challenges include:
Rapid loss of workability: High cementitious material content accelerates cement hydration, resulting in a faster rate of slump loss compared to ordinary concrete. 2-3 times, 1 The slump loss within one hour can reach 30%-50% ；
High pipeline resistance: the friction coefficient between the high-viscosity slurry and the pipe wall increases. 40%-60% , requiring higher pumping pressure;
Prone to segregation: Due to the large density difference between the aggregate and the paste, aggregate tends to accumulate at bends, resulting in a higher likelihood of blockage compared with ordinary concrete. 50%。
II. Equipment Adaptation and Selection
1. Pumping System Upgrade
A twin‑cylinder hydraulic pumping system is selected, with a theoretical displacement of… ≥30m³/h , outlet pressure ≥10MPa For example, a certain brand’s wet-spraying carriage employs φ200mm Large-diameter concrete cylinder and 1200mm Long-stroke design reduces the number of direction changes, enhancing pumping efficiency. 30%。
2. Pipeline Optimization
Stainless steel pipes with an internally polished surface reduce the coefficient of friction to 0.08 (Ordinary steel pipes are 0.15 ), and reduce the bend radius to 1.5 Doubling the pipe diameter reduces aggregate crushing. In a certain engineering case, by implementing… 90° The bent pipe is changed to a double one. 45° Combined bent pipes reduce the number of pipe blockages. 60%。
3. Smart Control System Configuration
Equipped with pressure - A dual-loop flow control system that continuously monitors pumping pressure and displacement. When the pressure suddenly increases… 15% At that time, the system automatically reduces the displacement. 20% and activates the pulse vibration function to prevent pipe blockages. A certain model of wet‑spraying truck, equipped with this system, has increased the pumping efficiency for high‑strength concrete to 35 m³/h , approaching the level of ordinary concrete.
III. Precise Control of Process Parameters
1. Mix Proportion Design Optimization
Adopt “ Low water-cement ratio + High-efficiency water reducer + Mineral admixture ” Scheme: The water-to-cement ratio is controlled at 0.30-0.35 , mixed in 15%-20% fly ash or silica fume, and add 0.5%-1.0% A polycarboxylate superplasticizer. Practical application in a certain cross-sea bridge project has demonstrated that this mix proportion can achieve an initial slump of 220mm，1 Remains after hours 180mm The above meets the requirements for long-distance pumping.
2. Graded control of pumping speed
During the startup phase, a low speed is used ( 6-8 m³/h ) Pumping 2-3 After a few minutes, once the pipeline is fully filled with concrete, gradually increase the speed to the design value. In one project, a segmented acceleration strategy was employed to reduce the start-up impact pressure in the pipeline. 35% , reducing the risk of aggregate crushing.
3. Dynamic addition of accelerating agent
Adjust the dosage of the accelerating agent in real time based on ambient temperature and conveying distance: for every 1°C increase in temperature, 10℃ , reduced dosage 0.2% ; For every additional increase in conveying distance 50 Rice, with increased dosage 0.3% . After this technology was adopted in a certain tunnel project, the deviation in the setting time of high-strength concrete was controlled within ±1.5 Within minutes, ensure effective bonding between the shotcrete layer and the surrounding rock.
IV. Quality Control and Emergency Measures
1. Process Quality Monitoring
Install ultrasonic sensors in the hopper of the wet-spraying carriage, each… 5 The concrete’s air content and slump are measured every minute, with automatic alarms triggered in case of abnormal readings. At one project, this device enabled early detection of… 2 Minimize the risk of segregation and prevent pipe blockages.
2. Pipeline Cleaning and Maintenance
Used after each assignment “ High-pressure water flushing + Sponge ball propulsion ” Dual-mode cleaning: first use 20MPa High-pressure water is used to flush away residual concrete from the pipe walls, followed by pushing in a device with a diameter larger than that of the pipe. 5mm sponge balls, thoroughly removing fragmented aggregates. According to statistics from a certain project, this cleaning method can extend the service life of the pipeline to 1200 m³ That is all.
3. Emergency Pipeline Blockage Response Plan
Equipped with a high-pressure air back‑blowing device, when pipe blockage occurs, the concrete inside the pipeline can be blown out in the reverse direction using compressed air while the pumping system is shut down. Testing on a certain project has shown that this device can… 8 Remove within minutes 85% The blockage, restoring construction efficiency.
The fully automatic wet-spraying carriage has successfully overcome the technical bottleneck in pumping high-strength concrete through equipment upgrades, process optimization, and intelligent control. Following its application in a subway tunnel project, the daily spraying volume exceeded 180 m³ , with the rebound rate controlled at 12% Within, efficiency is improved compared to traditional processes. 45% , thereby providing reliable technical support for the large-scale application of high-strength concrete in shoring works.
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