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Adaptation of the wet-spraying trolley’s travel chassis to operating conditions
Release time:
2026-11-19
Source:
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Summary:
The traveling chassis of a wet-mix shotcrete carriage serves as the foundational platform that supports the pumping system, spraying robotic arm, and power unit. The choice of chassis type directly affects the equipment’s ability to enter tunnels, shafts, and similar environments, its positioning efficiency, and operational stability. Currently, the most common types of traveling chassis include dedicated engineering‑tire chassis, crawler chassis, and rail‑mounted chassis; modified standard vehicle chassis also have specific application ranges.
I. Chassis for Specialized Engineering Tires
A dedicated engineering‑tire chassis is currently the mainstream configuration for wet‑spraying rigs. It typically features a rigid engineering frame with four‑wheel drive and four‑wheel steering. Steering modes include front‑wheel steering, four‑wheel steering, and crab mode, enabling the machine to perform tight in‑place turns and lateral movement, thereby enhancing maneuverability and positioning convenience in narrow tunnels. Compared with automotive chassis, these specialized engineering chassis offer a broader range of applications and greater adaptability to operating conditions; some models can achieve maximum grades of 25° or 47%. The chassis is usually equipped with hydraulic outriggers that extend during operation to level and stably support the machine, accommodating the reaction forces generated by spraying. This equipment is suitable for tunnel and underground support work in railways, highways, water conservancy, and other sectors, particularly in tunnels with moderate cross‑section sizes and relatively stable ground conditions.
II. Crawler Chassis
Tracked undercarriages contact the ground via tracks, resulting in low ground pressure and enabling operation in challenging environments such as muddy terrain, uneven surfaces, or confined spaces. During travel, they maintain good stability without requiring outriggers. This configuration excels in soft foundations and rough roads, offering distinct advantages in poor‑condition settings like underground mine tunnels and TBM‑driven excavations. In underground operations, tracked chassis provide agile mobility and can accommodate variations in roadway floor levels and localized water accumulation. However, their relatively low travel speed means that long‑distance relocations typically require transport on flatbed trailers.
III. Rail-Based Undercarriage
The traveling wheelbox of the rail‑mounted chassis runs along laid trolley tracks and is primarily used in construction scenarios with track infrastructure, such as TBM tunneling. This configuration can travel on the TBM’s trailing support trolley tracks and independently perform wet shotcrete lining of the tunnel walls. Care must be taken to avoid damaging ancillary facilities, such as overhead belt‑type ventilation ducts and muck‑conveying belts. Because the travel path of the rail‑mounted chassis is fixed, it is suitable for applications with tightly sequenced operations that require coordinated work with the TBM’s trailing support system. The traveling wheelbox typically features a liftable, sliding connection to the trolley frame to accommodate varying track heights.
IV. Universal Automotive Chassis
The vehicle‑based universal chassis, equipped with a robotic arm and power system, enables rapid relocation and offers certain advantages in projects—such as highway and high‑speed rail construction—that require frequent long‑distance moves. However, vehicle chassis are limited in rollover stability and adaptability, and their gradeability is generally lower than that of dedicated engineering chassis. This configuration is better suited to sites with good road conditions where relocation needs outweigh the requirement to operate within tunnels.
In summary, specialized engineering tire chassis are suitable for most tunneling and underground projects, balancing mobility with positioning efficiency; crawler chassis are ideal for mine tunnels and complex sites with poor road conditions and soft ground; rail‑mounted chassis are best suited for construction scenarios with existing rail infrastructure, such as TBM tunneling; and standard vehicle chassis are more appropriate for projects involving frequent relocations and good road conditions. Selection should be based on a comprehensive assessment of tunnel cross‑section dimensions, surface conditions, relocation frequency, and the requirements for seamless workflow integration.
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