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The potential for expanding the multifunctional attachments of single-arm and double-curve-arm rock drilling rigs.
Release time:
2026-09-28
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Summary:
As the core equipment for drill-and-bblast operations, single-arm and double‑curved‑arm rock‑drilling rigs are seeing their multifunctional attachments evolve from “single‑purpose drilling” toward “multi‑tasking on a single machine.” This expansion leverages the rig’s hydraulic power platform, modular boom architecture, and quick‑connect technology, enabling coverage of multiple construction processes by simply swapping out the front‑end working tools—without altering the machine’s fundamental structure.
I. The Technological Foundations of Attachments Expansion
The technical foundation for the development of rock‑drilling rig attachments comprises three main aspects.
The versatility of the hydraulic power platform is the foundation for expanding its range of attachments. The hydraulic system equipped on the rock‑drilling rig can supply impact, rotary, and thrust power to the rock drill; this same power‑delivery capability can also drive a variety of attachments, including rock‑bolting rigs, hydraulic breakers, and hydraulic shears. By switching among hydraulic control valve manifolds, the same hydraulic system can provide tailored pressure and flow parameters to different tools, enabling flexible power distribution.
The modular boom structure provides a physical foundation for tool‑change operations. The front ends of single‑boom and double‑curved‑boom rock‑drilling rigs typically feature standardized interfaces, enabling rapid attachment of various tools. Manufacturers such as Wuxin Equipment employ modular design, allowing components like the propulsion beam assembly and the boom assembly to be disassembled and replaced as needed. CRRC Heavy Industry’s fully computer‑controlled three‑boom rock‑drilling rig can be customized with hydraulically operated drill‑bit clamps, rod‑connecting mechanisms, and other options to meet specific customer requirements, thereby expanding its functionality.
Quick‑connect technology is key to improving the efficiency of implement changes. Hydraulic quick couplers enable operators to switch implements without leaving the cab. In the rock‑drilling rig sector, leveraging a hydraulic control system to seamlessly transition between different operating modes—such as rock drills and anchor‑drilling rigs—is a critical technological advancement for expanding implement versatility.
II. Key Directions for the Expansion of Attachments
Anchor‑drilling rig attachments represent the most widely adopted direction of technological advancement. Single‑arm rock‑drilling rigs are particularly well suited for simultaneous, side‑by‑side operations using the upper and lower pilot‑heading method, offering distinct advantages in drilling radial anchor holes, advance support holes, toe‑anchoring holes, grouting holes, and cable‑anchor holes. By connecting both the rock drill and the anchor‑drilling rig to a switching valve assembly, the rig can seamlessly alternate between rock‑drilling and anchoring modes, thereby enhancing operational efficiency. CRRC Heavy Industry’s fully computer‑controlled three‑arm rock‑drilling rig, equipped with 21‑foot drill rods and a range of drill bits, can complete a 6‑meter anchor hole in approximately 6 minutes and a 9‑meter anchor hole in about 12 minutes.
The intelligent drill‑bit replacement system represents an intelligent extension of tool‑attachment technology. By integrating multiple drill‑bit bodies of varying specifications into the drill‑bit barrel, a modular design is achieved; in different operational environments, the barrel can be rotated to swap out the appropriate drill bit. This technology enables the equipment to swiftly adapt its drill‑bit configuration to prevailing geological conditions, thereby enhancing its performance and adaptability in complex subsurface settings.
Multi‑functional work platforms and suspended baskets represent a key direction for expanding the auxiliary capabilities of tunneling trolleys. Detachable suspended baskets can be swiftly mounted on the forearm of a robotic arm or a rock‑drilling boom, depending on the specific requirements of tunnel construction, and feature electro‑hydraulic automatic leveling. The Wuxin arch‑erection and charging trolley integrates multiple high‑altitude operations—arch support installation, steel mesh laying, and blast‑hole charging—into a single unit, equipped with three robotic arms and three work platforms, enabling arch installation and steel mesh placement to be completed by just four operators. The modular gantry‑type multi‑function rock‑drilling trolley, fitted with a working platform and an auxiliary lifting device, allows operators to perform tasks such as close‑range face measurement and marking, explosive charge loading, and removal of hazardous rock.
Long rock bolts and advanced‑drilling attachments constitute an extended solution tailored to special operating conditions. By optionally equipping the rig with hydraulically actuated drill‑bit clamps, rod‑connecting mechanisms, and other accessories, the rig can perform long‑bolt installation as well as advance‑drilling operations to depths of 30 meters or more. In projects such as pumped‑storage power stations, a fully computer‑controlled three‑arm rock‑drilling rig can simultaneously use all three booms to create anchor bolt holes; the rig’s onboard control system precisely displays the drilling angle for each hole, while the risk of bit jamming and borehole collapse is kept at a very low level.
Hydraulic crushing and cutting attachments expand the trolley’s rock‑breaking capabilities. Seamless switching between constant‑pressure control and load‑sensing control, enabled by the hydraulic control system, ensures that the drilling trolley can meet operational requirements across diverse applications and scenarios. In excavator retrofit solutions, a common piping system—similar to the mounting of a hydraulic breaker—allows for the interchangeability of multiple functions, including earthmoving, hammering, core drilling, rock drilling, down-the-hole drilling, and onboard expansion devices.
III. Differences in the Expansion of Single-Arm and Double-Curve-Arm Carriages
The single-arm rock‑drilling rig is compact and highly maneuverable, making it particularly well suited for precision‑oriented operations when equipped with specialized attachments. It offers distinct advantages in constructing radial anchor bolt holes, advance support holes, and toe‑anchoring holes. Its small footprint, compact design, and low center of gravity enable it to operate with agility even in narrow cross‑sections after attachment changes.
Due to its unique boom‑arm design, the hyperbolic‑boom rock‑drilling rig offers a significantly wider coverage area when equipped with auxiliary attachments. The Wuxin hyperbolic‑boom computer‑controlled rock‑drilling rig pioneered a curved‑boom architecture, providing an extensive working envelope that accommodates various tunnel cross‑sections and enables invert excavation. The curved‑boom configuration allows the boom to operate below the horizontal plane, supporting two‑stage, three‑stage, and upper–middle–lower stage operations. This structural advantage ensures that, when fitted with ancillary equipment such as rock‑bolt rigs and work platforms, the hyperbolic‑boom rig can handle more complex construction profiles while minimizing the need for equipment repositioning.
IV. Expanded Project Benefits and Future Directions
The engineering benefits brought by tool‑set expansion are evident at multiple levels. In terms of efficiency, the drilling speed per hole can reach 5–6 times that of manual pneumatic drills, and the multi‑functionality of a single machine reduces equipment changeover and relocation time. Regarding labor savings, the installation of arch supports has been streamlined from the traditional 12 workers to just 4. As for functional integration, the modular gantry‑type multifunctional rock‑drilling rig combines drilling, charging, marking, and surveying into a single unit, consolidating several separate operations onto one piece of equipment.
In the future, attachment‑tool development will continue to advance toward greater intelligence and standardization. Intelligent drill‑bit‑changing technology enables equipment to automatically select the appropriate tool based on operational requirements. Patent‑pending hydraulic control systems—being pioneered by companies such as China Railway Construction Heavy Industry—facilitate seamless switching between constant‑pressure and load‑sensing control, allowing rock‑drilling rigs to adapt to diverse operating conditions and application scenarios. The widespread adoption of standardized quick‑connect interfaces will further streamline tool changes, unlocking the full multifunctional potential of rock‑drilling rigs.
The development of multifunctional attachments for single-arm and double‑curved‑arm rock‑drilling rigs is driving these machines to evolve from “drilling‑specialized equipment” into “multi‑functional construction platforms,” thereby offering a more flexible technological pathway for the mechanization and intelligentization of tunneling and mining operations.
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