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How to optimize the nozzle design of a wet spray machine to reduce material rebound rate
Release time:
2025-09-28
Source:
Author:
Summary:
1. Optimize the Nozzle Structure Design
1. Nozzle shape:
Converging-Diverging Nozzle: Traditional nozzles are typically simple converging types, where the material exits at high velocity with a large divergence angle, often leading to rebound. By adopting a converging-diverging design, the material is first accelerated and then decelerated within the nozzle, creating a more focused jet stream while minimizing divergence and rebound.
Elliptical outlet nozzle: Compared to a circular outlet, the elliptical design creates a flattened jet stream, increasing the contact area with the target surface, enhancing material utilization, and reducing rebound.
2. Nozzle length and diameter:
Length: Nozzles that are too short can lead to uneven material mixing, compromising the jetting effect; while nozzles that are too long increase frictional resistance, reducing the jetting speed. It’s essential to select an appropriate nozzle length based on material properties and injection pressure.
Diameter: If the nozzle diameter is too small, it will increase the material flow rate, resulting in greater impact force and rebound. Conversely, if the diameter is too large, it will reduce the flow rate, affecting both the jetting distance and compaction quality. Therefore, the appropriate nozzle diameter should be selected based on the desired spray volume and jetting distance.
3. Internal Surface Finish: Rough inner walls of the nozzle can increase material flow resistance, leading to uneven flow rates and an unstable spray pattern, which in turn raises the rebound rate. It is essential to improve the smoothness of the nozzle's inner walls to ensure smooth material flow.
II. Optimize Nozzle Material Selection
1. Wear Resistance: Wet spraying materials contain hard aggregates that cause significant wear on the inner walls of the nozzle. It is essential to select highly wear-resistant materials, such as cemented carbides or ceramics, to extend the nozzle's service life and maintain stable spray jet performance.
2. Corrosion Resistance: The cement paste in wet spraying materials is alkaline, which can corrode metallic materials. Therefore, it’s essential to select corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or high-polymer materials to prevent nozzle corrosion and damage, ensuring optimal spraying performance.
3. Optimize Nozzle Usage and Maintenance
1. Proper Installation: Ensure the nozzle is securely connected to the delivery pipe to prevent air and slurry leaks, which could compromise the spraying effect.
2. Regular Cleaning: Promptly clean any residual material inside the nozzle to prevent clogging and scaling, which could affect the shape and velocity of the jet flow.
3. Replace promptly: When the nozzle is severely worn or damaged, it should be replaced without delay to prevent compromising the spray performance and reducing the rebound rate.
IV. Other Optimization Measures
1. Optimize mix design: Select appropriate material proportions, control the water-to-cement ratio and aggregate gradation, enhance the material's cohesion and workability, and minimize rebound.
2. Improve the jetting process: Use appropriate jetting pressure, jetting angle, and jetting distance to enhance jetting efficiency and minimize rebound.
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